The Federal Reserve announced a downward revision of its economic growth forecast for the United States, citing concerns over rising inflation driven by recent tariffs. The central bank maintained its benchmark interest rate at 4.25% to 4.5% for the fourth consecutive meeting, opting to monitor the evolving economic landscape before implementing any policy changes.
The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) now projects U.S. economic growth to be 1.4% in 2025, a decrease from the previous estimate of 1.7%. Inflation expectations have also been adjusted, with the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index anticipated to rise to 3%, up from the earlier forecast of 2.7%. Unemployment is expected to increase to 4.5% by the end of the year.
Chair Jerome Powell emphasized the need for caution, stating that while the Fed anticipates two rate cuts later this year, these projections are subject to change based on incoming economic data. He highlighted the significant uptick in inflation in recent months, which the Fed must consider when adjusting monetary policy.
The decision to keep rates unchanged comes amid internal divisions within the Federal Reserve. While the median forecast still anticipates two quarter-point rate cuts this year, an increasing number of officials oppose any cuts. Out of all officials, 10 support two or more cuts, while 7 foresee no cuts and 2 forecast just one cut.
The Fed’s cautious stance contrasts with political pressure from President Donald Trump, who has criticized the central bank for not cutting rates more aggressively. Trump’s tariffs have been a significant factor in the rising inflation, leading to concerns about their impact on the economy.
Financial markets have responded cautiously to the Fed’s decision. The S&P 500 index experienced minimal changes, and the two-year Treasury yield declined slightly to 3.94%. Investors are closely monitoring the Fed’s actions and the broader economic indicators to gauge the future direction of monetary policy.
In summary, the Federal Reserve’s decision to lower its economic growth forecast and maintain current interest rates reflects a cautious approach amid rising inflation concerns. The central bank remains vigilant, awaiting further economic data to inform its policy decisions in the coming months.
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