Trump Signs Government Funding Bill, Ending Shutdown After Record 43-Day Disruption

On November 12, 2025, President Donald Trump signed a government funding bill, effectively ending a historic 43-day federal shutdown that began on October 1. This record shutdown disrupted federal services, delayed paychecks, and caused considerable national inconvenience, emphasizing the intense partisan divisions in Washington.

The deadlock arose primarily from disagreements over extending Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies, which Democrats insisted must be included in short-term spending measures. In contrast, Republicans argued that discussions on these subsidies should occur separately. A bipartisan group of eight senators ultimately brokered a compromise, which extends funding for most government operations until January 30, 2026, and restores pay and job protections for furloughed workers. The bill also allocated security funding for lawmakers and Supreme Court justices while enabling senators to pursue damages related to investigations concerning Trump’s 2020 election actions.

Despite this resolution, the debate over health care subsidies remains unresolved. Republicans pledged to hold a vote by mid-December to extend these subsidies, although the outcome is uncertain. Democrats have vowed to advocate for the preservation of these subsidies, warning that their elimination could lead to doubled premiums for many and millions losing coverage. This health care issue is expected to dominate upcoming congressional negotiations.

The shutdown’s impact on federal workers was significant, with about 670,000 furloughed and a similar number working without pay. Essential services, including air travel and food assistance, were also disrupted. Following the bill’s signing, federal workers will return to their jobs, and services are set to normalize.

In statements after the signing, Trump criticized the shutdown, calling it an ineffective way to govern and highlighting the political consequences ahead of the midterm elections. While the funding bill offers temporary relief, the contentious issues surrounding health care subsidies are anticipated to spur further negotiations as deadlines approach.